Abstract:

The aim of the project is to design an “Automatic stair climbing robot” using RF technology using which we can control the robot remotely. Robot is a system that contains sensors, control systems, manipulators, power supplies and software all working together to perform a task. Designing, building, programming and testing a robot is a combination of physics, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, structural engineering, mathematics and computing.

            The wireless communication between the remote areas will be achieved by using the RF modules called RF transmitter along with an RF encoder and RF receiver along with an RF decoder. The project is designed in such a way that the microcontroller will be interfaced to two switches on the transmitter side to control the robot. One switch is for stepping up, and the other is for stepping down the robot. And the controller will also be interfaced to the RF transmitter through RF encoder to encode the data received by the controller and to transmit the signal. The controller will be programmed in such a way that, if a switch is pressed, it sends corresponding signals to the RF encoder which encodes the data and passes it to the transmitter, so that the data will be transmitted. The transmitted data will be received by the receiver which will be interfaced to the controller through an RF decoder, on the receiver side. The receiver unit will be fixed to the   robot . The robot structure is designed in such a way that, it has an arch shaped arm which forms the skeleton of the robot that moves along the ditch and crests of the steps. The movements of the motors are driven by an L293D H-bridge IC. The decoder is used to decode the encoded data into 4 bit digital data and will pass it to the controller. Now the controller performs the predefined task of stepping up and stepping down depending on the input received. Here an LCD will also be provided to display the status of   robot.

This project uses regulated 5V, 500mA power supply. Unregulated 12V DC is used for relay. 7805 three terminal voltage regulator is used for voltage regulation. Full wave bridge rectifier is used to rectify the ac output of secondary of 230/12V step down transformer.

 

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS:

HARDWARE:

Micro controller         :           AT89S52

Crystal                        :           11.0592 MHz

LCD                            :           HD44780

RF transmitter             :           STT-433MHZ

RF receiver                 :           STT-433MHZ

RF encoder                 :           HT12E

RF decoder                 :           HT12D

DC motors                  :          

Driver IC                     :           L293D

Switches

Power supply

Transformer                :           12V step down 

Filter                           :           1000uf/25V Voltage Regulator      :           7805

SOFTWARE :

Keil microvision

proteus

UC flash

APPLICATIONS:

• Industrial applications